spectre-meltdown-checker/spectre-meltdown-checker.sh

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#! /bin/sh
# Spectre & Meltdown checker
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#
# Check for the latest version at:
# https://github.com/speed47/spectre-meltdown-checker
# git clone https://github.com/speed47/spectre-meltdown-checker.git
# or wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/speed47/spectre-meltdown-checker/master/spectre-meltdown-checker.sh
#
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# Stephane Lesimple
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#
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VERSION=0.19
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# print status function
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pstatus()
{
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if [ "$opt_no_color" = 1 ]; then
_echo_nol "$2"
else
case "$1" in
red) col="\033[101m\033[30m";;
green) col="\033[102m\033[30m";;
yellow) col="\033[103m\033[30m";;
blue) col="\033[104m\033[30m";;
*) col="";;
esac
_echo_nol "$col $2 \033[0m"
fi
[ -n "$3" ] && _echo_nol " ($3)"
_echo
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}
# The 3 below functions are taken from the extract-linux script, available here:
# https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/scripts/extract-vmlinux
# The functions have been modified for better integration to this script
# The original header of the file has been retained below
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# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# extract-vmlinux - Extract uncompressed vmlinux from a kernel image
#
# Inspired from extract-ikconfig
# (c) 2009,2010 Dick Streefland <dick@streefland.net>
#
# (c) 2011 Corentin Chary <corentin.chary@gmail.com>
#
# Licensed under the GNU General Public License, version 2 (GPLv2).
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
vmlinux=''
vmlinux_err=''
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check_vmlinux()
{
readelf -h $1 > /dev/null 2>&1 || return 1
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return 0
}
try_decompress()
{
# The obscure use of the "tr" filter is to work around older versions of
# "grep" that report the byte offset of the line instead of the pattern.
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# Try to find the header ($1) and decompress from here
for pos in `tr "$1\n$2" "\n$2=" < "$5" | grep -abo "^$2"`
do
if ! which $3 >/dev/null 2>&1; then
vmlinux_err="missing '$3' tool, please install it, usually it's in the '$4' package"
return 0
fi
pos=${pos%%:*}
tail -c+$pos "$5" | $3 > $vmlinuxtmp 2> /dev/null
check_vmlinux "$vmlinuxtmp" && vmlinux=$vmlinuxtmp && return 0
done
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return 1
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}
extract_vmlinux()
{
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[ -n "$1" ] || return 1
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# Prepare temp files:
vmlinuxtmp="$(mktemp /tmp/vmlinux-XXXXXX)"
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trap "rm -f $vmlinuxtmp" EXIT
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# Initial attempt for uncompressed images or objects:
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if check_vmlinux "$1"; then
cat "$1" > "$vmlinuxtmp"
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vmlinux=$vmlinuxtmp
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return 0
fi
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# That didn't work, so retry after decompression.
try_decompress '\037\213\010' xy gunzip gunzip "$1" && return 0
try_decompress '\3757zXZ\000' abcde unxz xz-utils "$1" && return 0
try_decompress 'BZh' xy bunzip2 bzip2 "$1" && return 0
try_decompress '\135\0\0\0' xxx unlzma xz-utils "$1" && return 0
try_decompress '\211\114\132' xy 'lzop -d' lzop "$1" && return 0
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return 1
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}
# end of extract-vmlinux functions
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show_usage()
{
cat <<EOF
Usage:
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Live mode: $0 [options] [--live]
Offline mode: $0 [options] [--kernel <vmlinux_file>] [--config <kernel_config>] [--map <kernel_map_file>]
Modes:
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Two modes are available.
First mode is the "live" mode (default), it does its best to find information about the currently running kernel.
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To run under this mode, just start the script without any option (you can also use --live explicitely)
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Second mode is the "offline" mode, where you can inspect a non-running kernel.
You'll need to specify the location of the vmlinux file, and if possible, the corresponding config and System.map files:
--kernel vmlinux_file Specify a (possibly compressed) vmlinux file
--config kernel_config Specify a kernel config file
--map kernel_map_file Specify a kernel System.map file
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Options:
--no-color Don't use color codes
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EOF
}
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__echo()
{
opt="$1"
shift
msg="$@"
if [ "$opt_no_color" = 1 ] ; then
# strip ANSI color codes
msg=$(echo "$msg" | sed -r "s/\x1B\[([0-9]{1,2}(;[0-9]{1,2})?)?[m|K]//g")
fi
# explicitely call /bin/echo to avoid shell builtins that might not take options
/bin/echo $opt -e "$msg"
}
_echo()
{
__echo '' "$@"
}
_echo_nol()
{
__echo -n "$@"
}
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is_cpu_vulnerable()
{
# param: 1, 2 or 3 (variant)
# returns 0 if vulnerable, 1 if vulnerable, 2 if not vulnerable, 255 on error
variant1=1
variant2=1
variant3=1
if grep -q AMD /proc/cpuinfo; then
variant1=1
variant2=0
variant3=0
elif grep -qi 'CPU implementer : 0x41' /proc/cpuinfo; then
# ARM
# reference: https://developer.arm.com/support/security-update
cpupart=$(awk '/CPU part :/ {print $4;exit}' /proc/cpuinfo)
cpuarch=$(awk '/CPU architecture:/ {print $3;exit}' /proc/cpuinfo)
if [ -n "$cpupart" -a -n "$cpuarch" ]; then
# Cortex-R7 and Cortex-R8 are real-time and only used in medical devices or such
# I can't find their CPU part number, but it's probably not that useful anyway
# model R7 R8 A9 A15 A17 A57 A72 A73 A75
# part ? ? 0xc09 0xc0f 0xc0e 0xd07 0xd08 0xd09 0xd0a
# arch 7? 7? 7 7 7 8 8 8 8
if [ "$cpuarch" = 7 ] && echo "$cpupart" | grep -Eq '^0x(c09|c0f|c0e)$'; then
# armv7 vulnerable chips
variant1=1
variant2=1
elif [ "$cpuarch" = 8 ] && echo "$cpupart" | grep -Eq '^0x(d07|d08|d09|d0a)$'; then
# armv8 vulnerable chips
variant1=1
variant2=1
else
variant1=0
variant2=0
fi
# for variant3, only A75 is vulnerable
if [ "$cpuarch" = 8 -a "$cpupart" = 0xd0a ]; then
variant3=1
else
variant3=0
fi
fi
fi
[ "$1" = 1 ] && return $variant1
[ "$1" = 2 ] && return $variant2
[ "$1" = 3 ] && return $variant3
return 255
}
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_echo "\033[1;34mSpectre and Meltdown mitigation detection tool v$VERSION\033[0m"
_echo
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# parse options
opt_kernel=''
opt_config=''
opt_map=''
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opt_live_explicit=0
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opt_live=1
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opt_no_color=0
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parse_opt_file()
{
# parse_opt_file option_name option_value
option_name="$1"
option_value="$2"
if [ -z "$option_value" ]; then
show_usage
echo "$0: error: --$option_name expects one parameter (a file)" >&2
exit 1
elif [ ! -e "$option_value" ]; then
echo "$0: error: couldn't find file $option_value" >&2
exit 1
elif [ ! -f "$option_value" ]; then
echo "$0: error: $option_value is not a file" >&2
exit 1
elif [ ! -e "$option_value" ]; then
echo "$0: error: couldn't read $option_value (are you root?)" >&2
exit 1
fi
echo "$option_value"
exit 0
}
while [ -n "$1" ]; do
if [ "$1" = "--kernel" ]; then
opt_kernel=$(parse_opt_file kernel "$2")
[ $? -ne 0 ] && exit $?
shift 2
opt_live=0
elif [ "$1" = "--config" ]; then
opt_config=$(parse_opt_file config "$2")
[ $? -ne 0 ] && exit $?
shift 2
opt_live=0
elif [ "$1" = "--map" ]; then
opt_map=$(parse_opt_file map "$2")
[ $? -ne 0 ] && exit $?
shift 2
opt_live=0
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elif [ "$1" = "--live" ]; then
opt_live_explicit=1
shift
elif [ "$1" = "--no-color" ]; then
opt_no_color=1
shift
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elif [ "$1" = "-h" -o "$1" = "--help" ]; then
show_usage
exit 0
else
show_usage
echo "$0: error: unknown option '$1'"
exit 1
fi
done
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# check for mode selection inconsistency
if [ "$opt_live_explicit" = 1 ]; then
if [ -n "$opt_kernel" -o -n "$opt_config" -o -n "$opt_map" ]; then
show_usage
echo "$0: error: incompatible modes specified, use either --live or --kernel/--config/--map"
exit 1
fi
fi
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# root check (only for live mode, for offline mode, we already checked if we could read the files)
if [ "$opt_live" = 1 ]; then
if [ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then
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_echo "\033[31mNote that you should launch this script with root privileges to get accurate information.\033[0m"
_echo "\033[31mWe'll proceed but you might see permission denied errors.\033[0m"
_echo "\033[31mTo run it as root, you can try the following command: sudo $0\033[0m"
_echo
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fi
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_echo "Checking for vulnerabilities against live running kernel \033[35m"$(uname -s) $(uname -r) $(uname -v) $(uname -m)"\033[0m"
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# try to find the image of the current running kernel
[ -e /boot/vmlinuz-linux ] && opt_kernel=/boot/vmlinuz-linux
[ -e /boot/vmlinuz-linux-libre ] && opt_kernel=/boot/vmlinuz-linux-libre
[ -e /boot/vmlinuz-$(uname -r) ] && opt_kernel=/boot/vmlinuz-$(uname -r)
[ -e /boot/kernel-$( uname -r) ] && opt_kernel=/boot/kernel-$( uname -r)
[ -e /boot/bzImage-$(uname -r) ] && opt_kernel=/boot/bzImage-$(uname -r)
[ -e /boot/kernel-genkernel-$(uname -m)-$(uname -r) ] && opt_kernel=/boot/kernel-genkernel-$(uname -m)-$(uname -r)
# system.map
if [ -e /proc/kallsyms ] ; then
opt_map="/proc/kallsyms"
elif [ -e /boot/System.map-$(uname -r) ] ; then
opt_map=/boot/System.map-$(uname -r)
fi
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# config
if [ -e /proc/config.gz ] ; then
dumped_config="$(mktemp /tmp/config-XXXXXX)"
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gunzip -c /proc/config.gz > $dumped_config
# dumped_config will be deleted at the end of the script
opt_config=$dumped_config
elif [ -e /boot/config-$(uname -r) ]; then
opt_config=/boot/config-$(uname -r)
fi
else
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_echo "Checking for vulnerabilities against specified kernel"
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fi
if [ -n "$opt_kernel" ]; then
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_echo "Will use vmlinux image \033[35m$opt_kernel\033[0m"
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else
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_echo "Will use no vmlinux image (accuracy might be reduced)"
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fi
if [ -n "$dumped_config" ]; then
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_echo "Will use kconfig \033[35m/proc/config.gz\033[0m"
elif [ -n "$opt_config" ]; then
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_echo "Will use kconfig \033[35m$opt_config\033[0m"
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else
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_echo "Will use no kconfig (accuracy might be reduced)"
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fi
if [ -n "$opt_map" ]; then
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_echo "Will use System.map file \033[35m$opt_map\033[0m"
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else
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_echo "Will use no System.map file (accuracy might be reduced)"
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fi
if [ -e "$opt_kernel" ]; then
if ! which readelf >/dev/null 2>&1; then
vmlinux_err="missing 'readelf' tool, please install it, usually it's in the 'binutils' package"
else
extract_vmlinux "$opt_kernel"
fi
else
vmlinux_err="couldn't find your kernel image in /boot, if you used neboot, this is normal"
fi
if [ -z "$vmlinux" -o ! -r "$vmlinux" ]; then
[ -z "$vmlinux_err" ] && vmlinux_err="couldn't extract your kernel from $opt_kernel"
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fi
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_echo
###########
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# SPECTRE 1
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_echo "\033[1;34mCVE-2017-5753 [bounds check bypass] aka 'Spectre Variant 1'\033[0m"
_echo_nol "* Checking count of LFENCE opcodes in kernel: "
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status=0
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if [ -n "$vmlinux_err" ]; then
pstatus yellow UNKNOWN "$vmlinux_err"
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else
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if ! which objdump >/dev/null 2>&1; then
pstatus yellow UNKNOWN "missing 'objdump' tool, please install it, usually it's in the binutils package"
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else
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# here we disassemble the kernel and count the number of occurences of the LFENCE opcode
# in non-patched kernels, this has been empirically determined as being around 40-50
# in patched kernels, this is more around 70-80, sometimes way higher (100+)
# v0.13: 68 found in a 3.10.23-xxxx-std-ipv6-64 (with lots of modules compiled-in directly), which doesn't have the LFENCE patches,
# so let's push the threshold to 70.
# TODO LKML patch is starting to dump LFENCE in favor of the PAUSE opcode, we might need to check that (patch not stabilized yet)
nb_lfence=$(objdump -D "$vmlinux" | grep -wc lfence)
if [ "$nb_lfence" -lt 70 ]; then
pstatus red NO "only $nb_lfence opcodes found, should be >= 70"
status=1
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else
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pstatus green YES "$nb_lfence opcodes found, which is >= 70"
status=2
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fi
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fi
fi
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_echo_nol "> \033[46m\033[30mSTATUS:\033[0m "
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if ! is_cpu_vulnerable 1; then
pstatus green 'NOT VULNERABLE' "your CPU vendor reported your CPU model as not vulnerable"
else
[ "$status" = 0 ] && pstatus yellow UNKNOWN
[ "$status" = 1 ] && pstatus red 'VULNERABLE' 'heuristic to be improved when official patches become available'
[ "$status" = 2 ] && pstatus green 'NOT VULNERABLE' 'heuristic to be improved when official patches become available'
fi
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###########
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# VARIANT 2
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_echo
_echo "\033[1;34mCVE-2017-5715 [branch target injection] aka 'Spectre Variant 2'\033[0m"
_echo "* Mitigation 1"
_echo_nol "* Hardware (CPU microcode) support for mitigation: "
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if [ ! -e /dev/cpu/0/msr ]; then
# try to load the module ourselves (and remember it so we can rmmod it afterwards)
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modprobe msr 2>/dev/null && insmod_msr=1
fi
if [ ! -e /dev/cpu/0/msr ]; then
pstatus yellow UNKNOWN "couldn't read /dev/cpu/0/msr, is msr support enabled in your kernel?"
else
# the new MSR 'SPEC_CTRL' is at offset 0x48
# here we use dd, it's the same as using 'rdmsr 0x48' but without needing the rdmsr tool
# if we get a read error, the MSR is not there
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dd if=/dev/cpu/0/msr of=/dev/null bs=8 count=1 skip=9 2>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
pstatus green YES
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else
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pstatus red NO
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fi
fi
if [ "$insmod_msr" = 1 ]; then
# if we used modprobe ourselves, rmmod the module
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rmmod msr 2>/dev/null
fi
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_echo_nol "* Kernel support for IBRS: "
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if [ "$opt_live" = 1 ]; then
if [ ! -e /sys/kernel/debug/sched_features ]; then
# try to mount the debugfs hierarchy ourselves and remember it to umount afterwards
mount -t debugfs debugfs /sys/kernel/debug 2>/dev/null && mounted_debugfs=1
fi
if [ -e /sys/kernel/debug/ibrs_enabled ]; then
# if the file is there, we have IBRS compiled-in
pstatus green YES
ibrs_supported=1
ibrs_enabled=$(cat /sys/kernel/debug/ibrs_enabled 2>/dev/null)
elif [ -e /sys/kernel/debug/x86/ibrs_enabled ]; then
# RedHat uses a different path (see https://access.redhat.com/articles/3311301)
pstatus green YES
ibrs_supported=1
ibrs_enabled=$(cat /sys/kernel/debug/x86/ibrs_enabled 2>/dev/null)
fi
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fi
if [ "$ibrs_supported" != 1 -a -n "$opt_map" ]; then
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if grep -q spec_ctrl "$opt_map"; then
pstatus green YES
ibrs_supported=1
fi
fi
if [ "$ibrs_supported" != 1 ]; then
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pstatus red NO
fi
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_echo_nol "* IBRS enabled for Kernel space: "
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if [ "$opt_live" = 1 ]; then
# 0 means disabled
# 1 is enabled only for kernel space
# 2 is enabled for kernel and user space
case "$ibrs_enabled" in
"") [ "$ibrs_supported" = 1 ] && pstatus yellow UNKNOWN || pstatus red NO;;
0) pstatus red NO;;
1 | 2) pstatus green YES;;
*) pstatus yellow UNKNOWN;;
esac
else
pstatus blue N/A "not testable in offline mode"
fi
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_echo_nol "* IBRS enabled for User space: "
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if [ "$opt_live" = 1 ]; then
case "$ibrs_enabled" in
"") [ "$ibrs_supported" = 1 ] && pstatus yellow UNKNOWN || pstatus red NO;;
0 | 1) pstatus red NO;;
2) pstatus green YES;;
*) pstatus yellow UNKNOWN;;
esac
else
pstatus blue N/A "not testable in offline mode"
fi
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_echo "* Mitigation 2"
_echo_nol "* Kernel compiled with retpoline option: "
# We check the RETPOLINE kernel options
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if [ -r "$opt_config" ]; then
if grep -q '^CONFIG_RETPOLINE=y' "$opt_config"; then
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pstatus green YES
retpoline=1
else
pstatus red NO
fi
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else
pstatus yellow UNKNOWN "couldn't read your kernel configuration"
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fi
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_echo_nol "* Kernel compiled with a retpoline-aware compiler: "
# Now check if the compiler used to compile the kernel knows how to insert retpolines in generated asm
# For gcc, this is -mindirect-branch=thunk-extern (detected by the kernel makefiles)
# See gcc commit https://github.com/hjl-tools/gcc/commit/23b517d4a67c02d3ef80b6109218f2aadad7bd79
# In latest retpoline LKML patches, the noretpoline_setup symbol exists only if CONFIG_RETPOLINE is set
# *AND* if the compiler is retpoline-compliant, so look for that symbol
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if [ -n "$opt_map" ]; then
# look for the symbol
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if grep -qw noretpoline_setup "$opt_map"; then
retpoline_compiler=1
pstatus green YES "noretpoline_setup symbol found in System.map"
else
pstatus red NO
fi
elif [ -n "$vmlinux" ]; then
# look for the symbol
if which nm >/dev/null 2>&1; then
# the proper way: use nm and look for the symbol
if nm "$vmlinux" 2>/dev/null | grep -qw 'noretpoline_setup'; then
retpoline_compiler=1
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pstatus green YES "noretpoline_setup found in vmlinux symbols"
else
pstatus red NO
fi
elif grep -q noretpoline_setup "$vmlinux"; then
# if we don't have nm, nevermind, the symbol name is long enough to not have
# any false positive using good old grep directly on the binary
retpoline_compiler=1
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pstatus green YES "noretpoline_setup found in vmlinux"
else
pstatus red NO
fi
else
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pstatus yellow UNKNOWN "couldn't find your kernel image or System.map"
fi
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_echo_nol "> \033[46m\033[30mSTATUS:\033[0m "
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if ! is_cpu_vulnerable 2; then
pstatus green 'NOT VULNERABLE' "your CPU vendor reported your CPU model as not vulnerable"
elif [ "$retpoline" = 1 -a "$retpoline_compiler" = 1 ]; then
pstatus green "NOT VULNERABLE" "retpoline mitigate the vulnerability"
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elif [ "$opt_live" = 1 ]; then
if [ "$ibrs_enabled" = 1 -o "$ibrs_enabled" = 2 ]; then
pstatus green "NOT VULNERABLE" "IBRS mitigates the vulnerability"
else
pstatus red VULNERABLE "IBRS hardware + kernel support OR kernel with retpoline are needed to mitigate the vulnerability"
fi
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else
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if [ "$ibrs_supported" = 1 ]; then
pstatus green "NOT VULNERABLE" "offline mode: IBRS will mitigate the vulnerability if enabled at runtime"
else
pstatus red VULNERABLE "IBRS hardware + kernel support OR kernel with retpoline are needed to mitigate the vulnerability"
fi
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fi
##########
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# MELTDOWN
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_echo
_echo "\033[1;34mCVE-2017-5754 [rogue data cache load] aka 'Meltdown' aka 'Variant 3'\033[0m"
_echo_nol "* Kernel supports Page Table Isolation (PTI): "
kpti_support=0
kpti_can_tell=0
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if [ -n "$opt_config" ]; then
kpti_can_tell=1
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if grep -Eq '^\(CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION\|CONFIG_KAISER\)=y' "$opt_config"; then
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kpti_support=1
fi
fi
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if [ "$kpti_support" = 0 -a -n "$opt_map" ]; then
# it's not an elif: some backports don't have the PTI config but still include the patch
# so we try to find an exported symbol that is part of the PTI patch in System.map
kpti_can_tell=1
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if grep -qw kpti_force_enabled "$opt_map"; then
kpti_support=1
fi
fi
if [ "$kpti_support" = 0 -a -n "$vmlinux" ]; then
# same as above but in case we don't have System.map and only vmlinux, look for the
# nopti option that is part of the patch (kernel command line option)
kpti_can_tell=1
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if ! which strings >/dev/null 2>&1; then
pstatus yellow UNKNOWN "missing 'strings' tool, please install it, usually it's in the binutils package"
else
if strings "$vmlinux" | grep -qw nopti; then
kpti_support=1
fi
fi
fi
if [ "$kpti_support" = 1 ]; then
pstatus green YES
elif [ "$kpti_can_tell" = 1 ]; then
pstatus red NO
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else
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pstatus yellow UNKNOWN "couldn't read your kernel configuration nor System.map file"
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fi
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_echo_nol "* PTI enabled and active: "
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if [ "$opt_live" = 1 ]; then
if grep ^flags /proc/cpuinfo | grep -qw pti; then
# vanilla PTI patch sets the 'pti' flag in cpuinfo
kpti_enabled=1
elif grep ^flags /proc/cpuinfo | grep -qw kaiser; then
# kernel line 4.9 sets the 'kaiser' flag in cpuinfo
kpti_enabled=1
elif [ -e /sys/kernel/debug/x86/pti_enabled ]; then
# RedHat Backport creates a dedicated file, see https://access.redhat.com/articles/3311301
kpti_enabled=$(cat /sys/kernel/debug/x86/pti_enabled 2>/dev/null)
elif dmesg | grep -Eq 'Kernel/User page tables isolation: enabled|Kernel page table isolation enabled'; then
# if we can't find the flag, grep in dmesg
kpti_enabled=1
else
kpti_enabled=0
fi
if [ "$kpti_enabled" = 1 ]; then
pstatus green YES
else
pstatus red NO
fi
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else
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pstatus blue N/A "can't verify if PTI is enabled in offline mode"
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fi
if [ "$mounted_debugfs" = 1 ]; then
# umount debugfs if we did mount it ourselves
umount /sys/kernel/debug
fi
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_echo_nol "> \033[46m\033[30mSTATUS:\033[0m "
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if ! is_cpu_vulnerable 3; then
pstatus green 'NOT VULNERABLE' "your CPU vendor reported your CPU model as not vulnerable"
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elif [ "$opt_live" = 1 ]; then
if [ "$kpti_enabled" = 1 ]; then
pstatus green "NOT VULNERABLE" "PTI mitigates the vulnerability"
else
pstatus red "VULNERABLE" "PTI is needed to mitigate the vulnerability"
fi
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else
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if [ "$kpti_support" = 1 ]; then
pstatus green "NOT VULNERABLE" "offline mode: PTI will mitigate the vulnerability if enabled at runtime"
else
pstatus red "VULNERABLE" "PTI is needed to mitigate the vulnerability"
fi
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fi
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_echo
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[ -n "$dumped_config" ] && rm -f "$dumped_config"